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7.7 High Workload Management

7.7.1 General

High workload occurs when traffic complexity approaches or exceeds the controller’s capacity to maintain safe and effective control.

The Approach Controller shall actively manage workload to maintain separation, sequencing, and situational awareness.


7.7.2 Priority of Duties

The Approach Controller shall prioritise:

  1. Separation
  2. Stability of approaches
  3. Efficiency

Efficiency shall not compromise safety or separation.


7.7.3 Workload Management Techniques

The Approach Controller shall:

  • Simplify instructions and reduce complexity
  • Avoid unnecessary vectoring
  • Use speed control as the primary sequencing tool
  • Build and stabilise the sequence early
  • Reduce frequency congestion through concise communication

7.7.4 Traffic Simplification

When workload increases, the Approach Controller shall:

  • Reduce the number of active instructions
  • Stabilise aircraft on predictable tracks
  • Avoid unnecessary changes to the sequence
  • Delay or extend aircraft where required

Traffic shall be simplified to maintain control.


7.7.5 Situational Awareness

The Approach Controller shall:

  • Maintain a continuous mental picture of all traffic
  • Monitor aircraft position, speed, and sequence
  • Anticipate conflicts before they develop
  • Remain ahead of the traffic situation

Loss of situational awareness shall be treated as a critical risk.


7.7.6 Warning Signs of Overload

Indicators of increasing workload include:

  • Frequent or continuous corrective instructions
  • Increasing frequency congestion
  • Breakdown of sequence structure
  • Delayed decision-making

The Approach Controller shall act immediately when these indicators are observed.


7.7.7 Recovery Actions

When workload becomes excessive, the Approach Controller shall:

  • Reduce traffic complexity
  • Increase spacing between aircraft
  • Delay or extend aircraft as required
  • Issue go-arounds where necessary
  • Request assistance or coordination if available

7.7.8 Limitations

The Approach Controller shall not:

  • Continue complex control when situational awareness is degraded
  • Allow traffic demand to exceed manageable capacity
  • Delay corrective action during overload situations

7.7.9 Key Principle

High workload shall be managed proactively.

The Approach Controller shall:

  • Recognise early signs of overload
  • Act to simplify the situation
  • Maintain control of the sequence

Maintaining control is more important than maintaining efficiency.