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01.5 Limitations & Errors

1. Radar Limitations

  • Line-of-sight restrictions
  • Terrain shielding
  • Range limitations
  • Update delays

2. SSR Limitations

  • Incorrect squawk selection
  • Altitude readout errors
  • Transponder failure

3. Human Factors

  • Misidentification
  • Fixation
  • Loss of situational awareness

4. System Errors

  • Label swaps
  • Track coasting
  • Data dropouts

5. Mitigation

Controllers shall:

  • Cross-check data
  • Maintain situational awareness
  • Avoid over-reliance on automation