04.2 Sequencing & Spacing
Training Objective
To ensure correct sequencing and spacing of aircraft in an en-route environment.
Key Knowledge
- Longitudinal spacing
- Speed control
- Sequencing techniques
Operational Application
Controllers shall:
- Establish and maintain appropriate spacing between aircraft
- Sequence traffic to avoid conflicts
- Use speed and level adjustments effectively
1. Overview
Sequencing ensures aircraft follow an orderly flow, while spacing maintains safe separation and efficiency.
2. Core Content
2.1 Longitudinal Spacing
- Based on speed and distance
- Prevents overtaking conflicts
2.2 Speed Control
- Primary tool for fine adjustments
- Reduces need for vectoring
2.3 Level Management
- Vertical separation used to support sequencing
3. Procedures
3.1 Speed Instructions
- Shall be clear and achievable
- Shall consider aircraft performance
3.2 Sequencing Strategy
- Faster aircraft shall not be placed behind slower traffic without spacing
4. Standards
- Separation minima shall not be infringed
- Spacing shall be sufficient to prevent conflict
5. Notes
- Poor sequencing leads to unnecessary workload