08.2 Standard Holding Procedures
Training Objective
To apply standard ICAO holding procedures.
Key Knowledge
- Holding pattern structure
- Inbound and outbound legs
- Timing and speed considerations
Operational Application
Controllers shall:
- Issue holding clearances correctly
- Ensure aircraft comply with published procedures
1. Overview
A standard holding pattern consists of racetrack-shaped tracks defined by inbound course and turns.
2. Core Content
2.1 Holding Pattern
- Inbound leg
- Outbound leg
- Standard rate turns
2.2 Direction of Turns
- Standard: right turns
- Non-standard: left turns as published
2.3 Timing
- Typically 1 minute inbound below FL140
- 1.5 minutes above FL140
3. Procedures
3.1 Holding Clearance
- Fix
- Level
- Inbound track
- Turn direction
- Timing if required
4. Standards
- ICAO holding procedures shall be applied
5. Phraseology
Examples:
- "Hold at [fix], maintain FLXXX"